National Supervisory Authority & Licensing Qualification Dossier • Asia-Pacific
FIU-IND
IndiaFinancial Intelligence Unit – India
Source / Native Reference: 印度金融情报单位
- Supervisory tier
- Tier-2
- License classes
- 2
- Licensed records
- 3
- Active / regulated
- 3
Statutory Supervisory Mandate & Scope
Financial Intelligence Unit – India (FIU-IND) oversees anti-money laundering registration, Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP) compliance, Money Services Business (MSB) supervision, and financial crime intelligence in India.
Prudential Tier Assessment
Tier-2Tier-2 national Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) and AML/CFT / Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP) supervisor in India.
National licensing qualifications & statutory authorisation classes (FIU-IND)
Authorisation categories, permitted institutional and retail activities, minimum initial capital adequacy, and ongoing prudential solvency rules enforced by FIU-IND in India.
| License class / code | Official designation | Permitted institutional & retail activities | Minimum initial / base capital | Ongoing prudential & solvency rule |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VASP / DCE Registration | Virtual Asset Service Provider & Custodial Wallet Registration | Fiat-to-crypto exchange, crypto-to-crypto exchange, virtual asset transfer, and custodial wallet administration. | USD $50,000 – $150,000 equivalent share capital (or statutory fit-and-proper + local MLRO presence). | Continuous KYC/CDD onboarding, blockchain analytics transaction monitoring, and annual independent AML audit. |
| MSB / Currency Exchange Registration | Money Services Business & Remittance Registration | Money transmission, foreign currency dealing, and payment instrument issuance. | Subject to state/national surety bond and minimum net worth requirements. | Currency Transaction Reports (CTRs) and Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs/STRs) via goAML / BSA E-Filing. |
Investor compensation, client money segregation & digital-asset regime
Statutory counterparty protections, custody reconciliation mandates, and virtual-asset licensing status under FIU-IND.
AML/CFT Registration Only (Non-Prudential / No Investor Compensation Scheme)
- Maximum coverage per client
- Not covered by statutory investor compensation (FIU/MSB registration supervises AML/CFT compliance rather than prudential solvency)
- Eligible counterparties & scope
- Counterparties must verify whether the entity also holds a separate prudential securities or banking licence.
FIU-IND VASP Custodial Wallet & Client Ledger Separation Rules
- Reconciliation & audit cadence
- On-chain and off-chain omnibus ledger reconciliation; separation of customer virtual assets from corporate treasury.
- Approved custodian requirements
- Multi-signature / MPC hardware security module (HSM) custody and segregated fiat settlement accounts.
FIU-IND Statutory VASP / Digital Currency Exchange Registration
- Travel Rule, custody & stablecoin rules
- Mandatory originator and beneficiary Travel Rule data transmission for virtual asset transfers.
Primary Governing Statutes & Rulebooks
- Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing Act of India
- FATF Recommendations 15 (Virtual Assets & VASPs) & 16 (Wire Transfer / Travel Rule)
- FIU-IND Mandatory VASP / MSB Registration & Beneficial Ownership Regulations
Regulatory Reporting & Audit Obligations
Prompt filing of Suspicious Transaction Reports (STRs) and Threshold Transaction Reports with FIU-INDAppointment of a resident Money Laundering Reporting Officer (MLRO) and annual independent AML/CFT compliance audit5-year retention of KYC identity records and Travel Rule cryptographic counterparty data
Cross-Border Equivalence & Passporting
Territorial registration required in India whenever soliciting or onboarding domestic residents.
Supervised institutions & FIU-IND licence records in our database
3 licence records referencing FIU-IND (3 regulated/registered).
| Institution | Licence number | Status | Licensed legal entity | Effective date | Verification |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Binance(Global network record) | Not supplied | Regulated | Binance(Binance Holdings Ltd.) | 2023 | |
| bybit(Global network record) | Number pending check | Registered | Bybit Fintech Limited | 2025-02 | |
| Delta Exchange(Global network record) | VA00041101 | Regulated | Excelium Technologies Private Limited | 2023 |
FIU-IND (India): institutional licensing & due diligence FAQ
Key statutory capital, compensation, custody segregation, and verification answers for compliance teams.
What are the primary licensing classes and minimum capital requirements under FIU-IND (India)?
FIU-IND (Financial Intelligence Unit – India) supervises financial institutions in India under Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing Act of India and FATF Recommendations 15 (Virtual Assets & VASPs) & 16 (Wire Transfer / Travel Rule). Key statutory authorisation classes include: VASP / DCE Registration (Virtual Asset Service Provider & Custodial Wallet Registration — min. capital: USD $50,000 – $150,000 equivalent share capital (or statutory fit-and-proper + local MLRO presence).); MSB / Currency Exchange Registration (Money Services Business & Remittance Registration — min. capital: Subject to state/national surety bond and minimum net worth requirements.). Ongoing prudential supervision requires strict adherence to capital adequacy and liquidity buffers.
Does FIU-IND provide statutory investor compensation and mandatory client asset segregation?
Under FIU-IND's framework, investor protection is governed by AML/CFT Registration Only (Non-Prudential / No Investor Compensation Scheme) with maximum coverage of Not covered by statutory investor compensation (FIU/MSB registration supervises AML/CFT compliance rather than prudential solvency) (Counterparties must verify whether the entity also holds a separate prudential securities or banking licence.). For client money and custody assets, supervised firms must comply with FIU-IND VASP Custodial Wallet & Client Ledger Separation Rules, performing on-chain and off-chain omnibus ledger reconciliation; separation of customer virtual assets from corporate treasury. with multi-signature / mpc hardware security module (hsm) custody and segregated fiat settlement accounts..
How does FIU-IND regulate digital assets, crypto exchanges (VASPs/CASPs), and stablecoins?
FIU-IND's digital-asset regime is structured around FIU-IND Statutory VASP / Digital Currency Exchange Registration (Active mandatory AML/CFT and VASP registration with public register verification.). Custody and AML/CFT compliance obligations require: Mandatory originator and beneficiary Travel Rule data transmission for virtual asset transfers.
How can I verify an institution's FIU-IND licence number and check our 3 recorded licence entries?
Our database currently tracks 3 licence records referencing FIU-IND (3 marked regulated or registered). To verify a counterparty at the primary source, open FIU-IND's official public register (https://www.fingate.gov.in/), search by the exact reference number and legal entity name, and confirm that the firm's domain and permitted activities match its statutory authorisation.
Related regulatory & market structure briefings
Research and compliance analysis from ETFYield Lab relevant to FIU-IND and India.
ETF Structure & Yield Engineering
Institutional ETF Creation-Redemption Arbitrage, SEC Rule 6c-11 Custom Baskets, and Cross-Border UCITS Withholding Tax Yield Architecture (2026)
An empirical quantitative analysis of Authorised Participant (AP) primary-market arbitrage bands, SEC Rule 6c-11 and IRC Section 852(b)(6) in-kind capital gains shielding, fixed-income ETF NAV-to-market basis dynamics, and Irish ICAV 15% vs 30% US dividend withholding tax alpha.
Fixed Income ETFs & Market Microstructure
SEC Rule 6c-11 Custom Creation Baskets, Fixed-Income ETF NAV Arbitrage & After-Tax Yield Drag Model (2026)
Authorized Participant (AP) custom creation and redemption baskets under SEC Rule 6c-11 refer to non-pro-rata fixed-income portfolio transfers that allow ETF issuers to purge low-basis, illiquid, or off-the-run bonds in-kind without realizing distributable capital gains, compressing annualized after-tax yield drag by 42 to 118 basis points compared with open-end mutual funds.
Treasury Ladders & Yield Math
SGOV vs BIL vs TLT: 30-Day SEC Yield vs Distribution Yield Math & ETF Fee Drag Analysis (2026)
30-Day SEC Yield refers to a standardized net annualized yield metric mandated by the SEC that deducts fund expense ratios from 30-day portfolio income.
Treasury Ladders & Yield Math
iShares 0-3 Month Treasury Bond ETF (SGOV) Yield & Fee Benchmark: 30-Day SEC Yield vs. Trailing 12-Month Distribution Yield Audit (4.31% 30-Day SEC Yield (3 bps ER) Benchmark)
iShares 0-3 Month Treasury Bond ETF (SGOV) Yield & Fee Benchmark (SGOV-0-3M-UST) stands at 4.31% (30-Day SEC Yield (3 bps ER)) (Source: SEC Form N-1A / U.S. Treasury, 2026-10-20), governing Form N-1A Item 26 accrual acco
Statutory licensing classes, base capital rules, and investor protection summaries for FIU-IND (India) are maintained for institutional benchmarking and do not constitute legal advice. Always verify current rulebooks and active firm authorisations directly on FIU-IND’s official public register.